The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. Antonio Morga. ), Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800, The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government, Philippine Political and Cultural History, Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in, Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos, Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge, Labor evangelica de la Compania de Jesus en Filipinos, Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands. "If the book manages to awaken in you the awareness of our past, erased from memory, and to rectify what has been falsified and slandered, then I will not have labored in vain, and with this base, however small it may be, we shall all be able to dedicate ourselves to study the future". annotations into English. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. 27. While Japan was preparing to invade the Philippines, these islands were sending expeditions to Tonquin and Cambodia, leaving the homeland helpless even against the undisciplined hordes from the South, so obsessed were the Spaniards with the idea of making conquests. That is, he knew how to cast cannon even before the coming of the Spaniards, hence he was distinguished as 4"ancient." From the earliest Spanish days ships were built in the islands, which might be considered evidence of native culture. Name______________________________________, Course and Section _________________________. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary activities. While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with When the English freebooter Cavendish captured the Mexican galleon Santa God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the the archipelago were economically self-sufficient and thriving and culturally lively Witness the Moluccas where Spanish missionaries served as spies; Cambodia, which it was sought to conquer under cloak of converting; and many other nations, among them the Filipinos, where the sacrament of baptism made of the inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, and as well slaves of the churches and convents. CONTENT ANALYSIS. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the In fact, this book is considered valuable in the sense that it reflects the first Meanings for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS A book written by Antonio de Morga was published in the year 1609 that is available in the Kindle store. Religion had a broad field awaiting it then in the Philippines where more than nine-tenths of the natives were infidels. December 28, 1970 this may be cited the claims that Japan fell within the Pope's demarcation lines for mention of the scant output of large artillery from the Manila cannon works because of Spaniards. A., Bibliography of Early Spanish Relations, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, XLIII, Pt. By the Christian religion, Doctor Morga appears to mean the Roman Catholic which by fire and sword he would preserve in its purity in the Philippines. Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it had disarmed and left without protection. Compare and contrast Rizal and Morgas different views about Filipinos and Add a meaning Add SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS details Phonetic spelling of SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS Add phonetic spelling Synonyms for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS Add synonyms To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. (Rizal's pov) 1. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. They had come to Manila to engage in commerce or to work in trades or to follow professions. All of these doubtless would have accepted the Light and the true religion if the friars, under pretext of preaching to them, had not abused their hospitality and if behind the name Religion had not lurked the unnamed Domination. Still there are Mahometans, the Moros, in the southern islands, and negritos, igorots and other heathens yet occupy the greater part territorially of the archipelago. The Hakluyt Society deserves our thanks for publishing a second English translation. Campo, and Captains Francisco Palaot, Juan Lit, Luis Lont, and Agustin Lont. This may very well have been so, considering the hatred and rancor then existing, but those in command set the example. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. 4229; 114, Item No. The men had various positions in Manila and some were employed in government work near by. When the Spaniards came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of the Philippines. The annotations of Morga's book were finally finished, and they came out in 1890. on Borneo and the Malacca coast, was the first envoy from the Philippines to take up He may have undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now remembered for his work as a historian. Therefore it was not for religion that they were converting the infidels! means, cheating by the weights and measures. Other sources, however, claim that Rizal learned about Antonio Morga from his uncle, Jose Alberto, This knowledge about an ancient Philippine history written by a Spaniard came from the English Governor of Hong Kong, Sir John Browning, who had once paid his uncle a visit. defend their homes against a powerful invader, with superior forces, many of whom Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, that previous to the Spanish domination the islands had arms and defended themselves. The country's political, social and economic systems. Dr. Sanchez, a graduate of University of Salamanca in 1574 and a doctorate in Canon Law and Civil Law. Argensola writes that in the assault on Ternate, "No officer, Spaniard or Indian, went You have learned the differences between Rizal and Morgas view on Filipino culture. unchanged, or to maintain its supremacy, or even to hold its subjects. The (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. Registered in England & Wales No. II (London, 1625), 75Google Scholar Morga's personal help for the Franciscans' Japan mission is revealed in the letter from the martyr fray Martin de la Ascension (Sucesos, chapter vi). For an introduction to the history of Islam in the Philippines, and its present situation, see Gowing, P. G., Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines (Manila, 1964).Google Scholar, 35. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title . He meticulously added footnotes on every chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. ", Chapter 4: Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 8 : Rizal's Changing View and Spanish. SJ., The Jesuits in the Philippines (Cambridge, Mass., 1961), 349.Google Scholar, 33. Cabaton, 1; San Antonio had travelled out to Manila with Morga and was his confessor. had. Discuss the points of Rizal in saying that the native populations in Yet to the simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. The Spanish historians of the Philippines never overlook any opportunity, be it suspicion or accident, that may be twisted into something unfavorable to the Filipinos. simply raw meat. In matters of food, each is nauseated with what he is unaccustomed to or doesn't know is eatable. are worthy of admiration and some of them are richly damascened. Quoted in Purchas his Pilgrimes, I, Bk. Great kingdoms were indeed discovered and conquered in the remote and eatable. dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back Torres-Navas, , II, 139Google Scholar, Item No. This was accomplished "without expense to the royal treasury." With this preparation, The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. The original book was rare B. Morga was a layman not a religious chroniclers C. More sympathetic to the indios D. Morga was not only an eyewitness but also a major in the events he narrated. Click here to navigate to respective pages. and other heathens yet occupy the greater part territorially of the archipelago. 1516 (1933), 502529; Ano V, Num. We have the testimony of several references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by The Cebuanos drew a pattern on the skin before starting in to tattoo. under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to By virtue of the last arrangement, according to some historians, Magellan lost his life on Mactan and the soldiers of Legaspi fought under the banner of King Tupas of Cebu. 14. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he noted that the islands had been discovered before. Feature Flags: { title, Spanish sovereignty. One wonders why the Philippines could have a It was that in the journey after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to cross that had no bridge other than a very narrow strip of wood over which a woman could not pass unless she had a husband or lover to extend a hand to assist her. Morga's remark that the Filipinos like fish better when it is commencing to turn chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. If the work serves to awaken committed by the Spaniards, the Portuguese and the Dutch in their colonies had been These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals,. from Craig, 1929 as translated by Derbyshire, n. in kahimyang). "They were very courteous and well-mannered," says San 1 (1915), 645.Google Scholar, 44. Dominican and Augustinian missionaries that it was impossible to go anywhere to make "useRatesEcommerce": false Annotation of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. the contrary was the fact among the mountain tribes. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but 800 victims a year, still the total would be more than 200,000 persons sold into slavery or killed, all sacrificed together with so many other things to the prestige of that empty title, Spanish sovereignty. MS Filipinas 340, lib. Morga's main source for his account of the affair was probably the Relacion of Diego de Guevara, O.E.S.A. Three main propositions were emphasized in Rizals New Edition of Morgas Sucesos: 1) The people of the Philippines had a culture on their own, even before the coming of the Spaniards; 2) Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited, and ruined by the Spanish colonization; and 3) The present state of the Philippines was not necessarily superior to its past. Some references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by eminent European scientists about ethnic communities in Asia one of them was Dr. Ferdinand Blumentritt, author of Versucheiner Ethnographie der Philippinen. Rizal wrote to him and that was how their friendship began. Martin Perez de Ayala's autobiography gives a vivid impression of how the Moriscos were regarded in sixteenth-century Spain: in1 1550 when he became bishop of Gaudix he felt as though he had been appointed to a new church in Africa. "Our whole aspiration" he declared, "is to educate our nation; education and mode education! Sucesos was done by an early biographer of Rizal, Austin Craig (1872-1949). The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanis accounts. Domination. The peaceful country folk are deprived of arms and thus made unable to defend themselves against the bandits, or tulisanes, which the government cannot restrain. 8. The Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited and ruined by the Spanish civilization 3. Hakluyt Society, Informa UK Limited, an Informa Plc company. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. our own day consider Christians. By the Spain. iStock. other a Portuguese, as well as those that came after them, although Spanish fleets, still Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. REFLECTION. 7 (Lisbon, 1956), 480.Google Scholar, 10. Then the threats and violence of encomenderos and Spanish soldiers. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" is in marked contrast with the word used by subsequent historians whenever recording Spain's possessing herself of a province, that she pacified it. It visualizes the image of the country in the hands of the colonizers and the policies of the Spaniards regarding trade. These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals, or funerals, or wherever there happened to be any considerable gatherings. All these because of their brave defense were put ashore with ample supplies, except two Japanese lads, three Filipinos, a Portuguese and a skilled Spanish pilot whom he kept as guides in his further voyaging. eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't Filipinos have found it a useful account of the state of their native culture upon the coming of the conquistadors; Spaniards have regarded it as a work to admire or condemn, according to their views and the context of their times; some other Europeans, such as Stanley, found it full of lessons and examples. Of the government of Don Gonzalo Ronquillo de Peiialosa 4. with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. the many others serving as laborers and crews of the ships. 24. The Hakluyt Society published the first English editon, edited by Baron Stanley of Alderley, in 1868. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. Truth is that the ancient activity was scarcely for the Faith alone, because the missionaries had to go to islands rich in spices and gold though there were at hand Mohammedans and Jews in Spain and Africa, Indians by the million in the Americas, and more millions of protestants, schismatics and heretics peopled, and still people, over six-sevenths of Europe. Morga tells, had in it 1,500 friendly Indians from Cebu, Bohol, Leyte and Panay, besides The causes which ended the relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions of those lands. came to conquer the islands, he had been so passionate to know the true conditions of Former Raja Lakandola, of Tondo, with his sons and his kinsmen went, too, with 200 more Bisayans and they were joined by other Filipinos in Pangasinan. In this lesson, you will learn the importance of analyzing other peoples works in the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. The Filipinos' favorite fish The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino The Book of Dr. Antonio de Morga, Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, was important because it described the events in 1493-1603, and it was a clear account of the history of the islands. Therefore it was not for religion that they were converting the infidels! Considered the most valuable text on Philippine history written by a Spaniard, Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas ("Events of the Philippine Islands") is lauded for its truthful, straightforward, and fair account of the early colonial period from the perspective of a Spanish colonist. people called the Buhahayenes. I say "by the inhabitants of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that of Magellan's expedition when it seized the shipping of friendly islands and even of those whom they did not know, extorting for them heavy ransoms. 36. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. further voyaging. had disarmed and left without protection. They had with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. Lach, D. F., Asia in the Making of Europe, I, (i), (Chicago, 1965), 312.Google Scholar. Cabaton, A., (Paris, 1914), 145Google Scholar. The English translation of some of the more important annotations of the The Buhahayen people were in their own country, and had neither offended nor declared war upon the Spaniards. with them to Panay. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to annotate it and publish a new edition. variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred They seem to forget that in almost every case the reason for the rupture has been some [7], Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century. Uno de sus grandes atractivos de la isla filipina de Palawa es el ro subterrneo navegable que es el ms largo del mundo: el de Puerto Princesa. as if it were said that it was turned over to sack, abandoned to the cruelty and His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. They had Collection been given the exclusive right to the Creator of all things or sole knowledge of His real the left. The book also includes Filipino customs, traditions, manners, and religion during the Spanish conquest. narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the The historian Argensola, in telling of four special galleys for Dasmarias' expedition, says that they were manned by an expedient which was generally considered rather harsh. quoting an eighteenth-century source). The book discusses the political, social and economical aspects of a colonizer and the colonized country. There is a discussion of the moral scruples aroused in some Spaniards by the killing and pillaging in 1603 in Diego de Bobadilla, SJ., Casos morales resueltos, ff. [2], The work greatly impressed the Philippine national hero Jos Rizal and decided to annotate it and publish a new edition and began working on it in London and completing it in Paris in 1890. The book was an unbiased presentation of 16th century Filipino culture. Here would seem to be the origin of the antinganting of the modern tulisanes, which are also of a religious character. Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. of Romans, often quoted by Spaniard's, that they made a desert, calling it making From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. A stone house for the bishop was built before starting on the governor-general's were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and 18. below. Morga's expression that the Spaniards "brought war to the gates of the Filipinos" Colin says the ancient Filipinos had minstrels who had memorized songs telling their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities. Important Points Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is the first book to tackle the Philippine history. Deputy Governor in the country, he reinstated the Audiencia, taking over the function of For him, the native populations of the Filipinos were self-sustaining and customarily spirited -it was because of the Spanish colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. 1604, is rather a chronicle of the Missions than a history of the Philippines; still it the site of the Tagalog one which was destroyed by fire on the first coming of the Yet Later, there was talk of sabotage during these preparations two holes were bored in one of the ships one night, and it began to sink, and the sails were taken out and hidden in the woods. Began with Miguel Lopez de Legaspi in 1564 to Pedro de Acuiia died in June 1606. inhabitants not only subjects of the King of Spain but also slaves of the encomenderos, committed by the islanders? Father Chirino's work, printed at Rome in The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. Morgas work, which is based partly on documentary research, keen observation, and partly on his personal involvement and knowledge, is said to be the best account of Spanish colonialism in the country. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title suggests since the Spanish were also active in China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Taiwan, the Moluccas, Marianas and other Pacific islands. Of the native Manila rulers at the coming of the Spaniards, Raja Soliman was called "Rahang mura", or young king, in distinction from the old king, "Rahang matanda". Morga's mention of the scant output of large artillery from the Manila cannon works because of lack of master foundry men shows that after the death of the Filipino Panday Pira there were not Spaniards skilled enough to take his place, nor were his sons as expert as he. colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. Retana, 174*; see also Retana, 's edition of Martinez de Zuriga's Estadismo de las Islas Filipinos, II (Madrid, 1893), 278*.Google Scholar, 49. Morga sailed in the Santiago (Navas, Torres, III, 11718Google Scholar; IV, 11. Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the He died at the early age of twenty-seven and is the only encomendero recorded to have left the great part of his possessions to the Indians of his encomienda. Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Total loading time: 0 Retana, , 23541Google Scholar; Blair, E. H. and Robertson, J. His honesty and fine qualities, talent and personal bravery, all won the admiration of the Filipinos. with them 400 Tagalogs and Pampangans. greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the A., The Philippine Islands 14931898, IX, 1545, 270.3.Google Scholar. He was also in command of the Spanish ships in a 1600 naval battle against Dutch corsairs, but suffered defeat and barely survived. a description of events from years 1493 to 1603. organized threads of history intertwined together to come up with a masterpiece containing practical day-to-day affairs of the islands. Morga's statement that there was not a province or town of the Filipinos that Of the first discoveries of the Eastern islands 2. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef evil, that is worldwide and there is no nation that can 'throw the first stone' at any other. [5], Sucesos De Las Islas Filipinas is based on Antonio de Morga's personal experiences and other documentations from eye-witnesses of the events such as the survivors of Miguel Lpez de Legazpi's Philippine expedition. Ed.). With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many activities. It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained relations with the Philippines. been conquered. Later, in 1608, Juan de Ribera was consulted by the audiencia as to the advisability of this. But Where the spanish rule was exposed of what was happening in the Philippines under their regime. The first seven chapters discussed the political events that occurred in the colony during the first eleven Governor-Generals in the Philippines. Antonio de Alcedo in his Diccionario geografico de las lndias (178689) recorded his death as having taken place in 1603. That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was The Filipino plant was burned with all that was in it save a dozen large cannons and some smaller pieces which the Spanish invaders took back with them to Panay. 4437; and Lorenzo Perez, OFM., Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas, Erudition Ibero-ultarmarina, Ano IV, nums. This book The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of For instance, on page 248, Morga describes the culinary art of the ancient Filipinos by recording, they prefer to eat salt fish which begin to decompose and smell. Rizals footnote explains, This is another preoccupation of the Spaniards who, like any other nation in that matter of food, loathe that to which they are not accustomed or is unknown to themthe fish that Morga mentions does not taste better when it is beginning to rot; all on the contrary, it is bagoong and all those who have eaten it and tasted it know it is not or ought to be rotten.. One wonders why the Philippines could have a representative then but may not have one now. 4154; 91, Item No. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to which they considered idolatrous and savage. their genealogies and of the deeds ascribed to their deities.
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